Mixture Combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
Heterogeneous Mixture A mixture that is not uniform throughout. The components of the mixture can be distinguished.
Homogeneous Mixture A mixture that is uniform throughout. The components of the mixture cannot be distinguished.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture.
Percent mass(percent composition) the mass of the part divided by the mass of the whole expressed as a percentage A measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with other substances
October 16
1A Due to a 10th grade assembly the balance of the class reviewed the topics we have looked at during the first quarter.
6A
October 10 block 1A DENSITY A PHYSICAL PROPERTY OF A SUBSTANCE THAT MEASURES THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE MASS OF THE SUBSTANCE TO IT'S VOLUME.
block 6a Significant Figures
1) All the digits that can be known precisely in a measurement, plus one last estimated digit.
2) All the digits the instrument gives you, plus one estimated digit.
Scientific Notation
A number between 1 and 10 (coefficient) raised to multiplied by 10 raised to a power(exponent)
Rules for Writing Significant figures (digits) 1)all nonzero digits are significant digits 2) any sandwiched zeros are significant digits 3)Leading zeros are not significant digits 4)Zeros at the end of a measurement are significant only if there is a decimal in the number
Percent composition (% mass)
compares the mass of part of the mixture to the mass of the whole mixture
% composition = (mass of part/mass of the whole) X 100 or %mass
DENSITY=MASS/VOLUME GRAMS/ML
October 6and 8, 2014 Block 6A
DENSITY A PHYSICAL PROPERTY OF A SUBSTANCE THAT MEASURES THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE MASS OF THE SUBSTANCE TO IT'S VOLUME.
DENSITY=MASS/VOLUME GRAMS/ML
Block 1A
ions Atoms that acquire a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons
cation A positively charged ion. Atoms lose electrons to become cations.
anion A negatively charged ion. Atoms gain electrons to become anions.
ionic bond bond formed by the attraction of cations(+) to anions(-).
ionic compound a compound composted of positive and negative ions. Ionic compounds are made up of a metal (cation) and a nonmetal(anion)
Binary ionic compounds ionic compounds composed of two elements
Naming binary ionic compounds
cation-same name as the element
anion- same name as the element but add -ide to the ending
polyatomic ions a tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a charge.
Blocks 2A, 5A
Percent Composition (Percent by mass)
mass of the part divided by the mass of the whole, multiplied by 100.
part whole X 100
Molecular compounds (Covalent compounds)
Compounds made up of 2 or more nonmetals
Naming binary molecular(covalent) compounds
use a prefix for both first and second element except when the first is a mono (1). If mono leave the prefix off. Second element always ends in -ide.
October 24 Block 1A
Review for quiz
ions Atoms that acquire a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons
cation A positively charged ion. Atoms lose electrons to become cations.
anion A negatively charged ion. Atoms gain electrons to become anions.
ionic bond bond formed by the attraction of cations(+) to anions(-).
ionic compound a compound composted of positive and negative ions. Ionic compounds are made up of a metal (cation) and a nonmetal(anion)
Binary ionic compounds ionic compounds composed of two elements
Naming binary ionic compounds
cation-same name as the element
anion- same name as the element but add -ide to the ending
polyatomic ions a tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a charge.
Blocks 2A,5A
Ionic compounds that contain transition metals. When naming the charge of the transition metal ion must be included in parenthesis in the name.
October 22 Block 1A
Periodic Table An arrangement of the elements into rows and columns according to similarities in their properties.
Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the elements in increasing atomic mass and discovered a periodic pattern in their physical and chemical properties.
Periodic Law when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number their is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties
Periods the horizontal rows of the periodic table
Groups (Families) the vertical columns of the periodic table
Metals the majority of the elements of the periodic table. Metals are usually lustrous, ductile, malleable and good conductors of heat and electricity.
Nonmetals class of elements of the periodic table that are not lustrous and poor conductors of heat and electricity
Metalloids class of elements of the periodic table that have properties of both metals and
nonmetals
Alkali Metals group 1 metals. Very reactive metals
Alkaline Earth Metals group 2 metals Moderately reactive metals
Halogen nonmetals of group 17. Very reactive nonmetals
Nobel Gases nonmetals of group 18. These gases are extremely nonreactive.
Representative elements elements belonging to groups 1,2 and 13 through 18. They represent the entire range of chemical and physical properties.
Transition metals metals found in groups 3 to 12
Lanthanide series elements in period 6 that follow the element lanthanum
Actinide series elements in period 6 that follow the element actinium
Blocks 2A,5A
ions Atoms that acquire a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons
cation A positively charged ion. Atoms lose electrons to become cations.
anion A negatively charged ion. Atoms gain electrons to become anions.
ionic bond bond formed by the attraction of cations(+) to anions(-).
ionic compound a compound composted of positive and negative ions. Ionic compounds are made up of a metal (cation) and a nonmetal(anion)
Binary ionic compounds ionic compounds composed of two elements
Naming binary ionic compounds
cation-same name as the element
anion- same name as the element but add -ide to the ending
polyatomic ions a tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a charge.
October 16 Blocks 1A,2A,5A
review for test
October 10 Block 1A
Percent Abundance The amount of an isotope of an element found in nature expressed as a percentage of the total amount of all isotopes of the element.
Atomic Mass The weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes of an element
Blocks 2A,5A
Periodic Table An arrangement of the elements into rows and columns according to similarities in their properties.
Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the elements in increasing atomic mass and discovered a periodic pattern in their physical and chemical properties.
Periodic Law when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number their is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties
Periods the horizontal rows of the periodic table
Groups (Families) the vertical columns of the periodic table
Metals the majority of the elements of the periodic table. Metals are usually lustrous, ductile, malleable and good conductors of heat and electricity.
Nonmetals class of elements of the periodic table that are not lustrous and poor conductors of heat and electricity
Metalloids class of elements of the periodic table that have properties of both metals and nonmetals
Alkali Metals group 1 metals. Very reactive metals
Alkaline Earth Metals group 2 metals. Moderately reactive metals
Halogen nonmetals of group 17. Very reactive nonmetals
Nobel Gases nonmetals of group 18. These gases are extremely nonreactive.
Representative elements elements belonging to groups 1,2 and 13 through 18. They represent the entire range of chemical and physical properties.
Transition metals metals found in groups 3 to 12
Lanthanide series elements in period 6 that follow the element lanthanum
Actinide series elements in period 6 that follow the element actinium
October 9
Block 1A
nucleus the central core of the atom composed of protons and neutrons
Atomic number the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
mass number the number of protons and neutrons in a atom of an element
electron negatively charged subatomic particle
proton positively charged subatomic particle
neutron subatomic particle with no charge found in the nucleus of the atom.
isotope atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Block 2A,5A
Percent Abundance The amount of an isotope of an element found in nature expressed as a percentage of the total amount of all isotopes of the element.
Atomic Mass
The weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes of an element
October 7
Conservation of matter(mass)
Matter (mass) cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. The mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products
atom The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element
nucleus The central core of the atom composed of protons and neutrons
Atomic number the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
mass number the number of protons and neutrons in a atom of an element
electron negatively charged subatomic particle
proton positively charged subatomic particle
neutron subatomic particle with no charge found in the nucleus of the atom.
isotope atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
atomic mass the weighted average mass of the atoms of an element
Atoms are neutral with the number of protons equaling the number of electrons